EIC, CAMBODIA, ECONOMIC INSTITUTE OF CAMBODIA, ECONOMIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF CAMBODIA

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Key Economic Indicators

Table A1.1 : Main Economic Indicators

	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003
Nominal GDP (million US $)	3,368	3,417	3,309	3,055	3,437	3,579	3,706	3,996	4,215
Real GDP (% increase)	9.0%	2.4%	0.9%	2.9%	10.1%	7.0%	5.7%	5.5%	5.3%
GDP per Capita (US$)	302	298	280	252	276	280	283	298	306
GDP per Capita (% increase)	18.5%	-1.6%	-5.9%	-10.1%	9.6%	1.5%	0.9%	5.2%	2.9%
Riel/Dollar Parity (year average)	2,462	2,641	3,000	3,800	3,820	3,859	3,924	3,921	3,980
Inflation in Riel (year average)	7.8%	7.1%	8.1%	14.7%	4.0%	-0.8%	-0.9%	0.0%	1.2%
Inflation in Dollar (year average)	12.5%	-0.2%	-4.9%	-9.4%	3.5%	-1.8%	-2.5%	0.1%	-0.3%
Budget Revenue (% GDP)	7.8%	8.3%	8.9%	8.1%	10.0%	10.4%	10.7%	11.2%	10.4%
Budget Expenditure (% GDP)	14.5%	16.0%	12.7%	13.4%	14.7%	15.4%	16.4%	17.7%	17.4%
Current Public Deficit (% GDP)	-0.7%	-1.1%	0.6%	-0.2%	1.5%	1.4%	1.1%	1.1%	0.4%
Overall Public Deficit (% GDP)	-6.7%	-7.7%	-3.8%	-5.3%	-4.7%	-4.9%	-5.7%	-6.4%	-7.0%
Export of Goods (% GDP)	30.3%	21.5%	25.2%	28.2%	33.0%	38.2%	41.7%	41.2%	47.6%
Import of Goods (% GDP)	33.0%	34.9%	34.0%	41.7%	43.3%	48.7%	53.3%	54.7%	59.5%
Trade Balance (% GDP)	-2.7%	-13.4%	-8.8%	-13.5%	-10.3%	-10.5%	-11.6%	-13.5%	-11.9%
Current Account Balance (% GDP)	-2.8%	-12.4%	-7.2%	-11.9%	-7.9%	-7.8%	-8.4%	-9.8%	-9.3%
Net Foreign Reserves (million US $)	110	164	197	323	349	411	467	567	635
Money - M1 (% GDP)	3.2%	3.5%	3.4%	4.7%	4.1%	3.9%	4.4%	5.2%	5.6%
Money - M2 (% GDP)	4.3%	6.3%	6.0%	5.9%	7.0%	9.3%	11.0%	13.2%	14.2%
Population (million)	11.1	11.5	11.8	12.1	12.5	12.8	13.1	13.4	13.8
Labor Force (% Population)	41.2%	41.4%	41.6%	41.9%	42.2%	42.5%	43.0%	43.4%	43.9%

Source: EIC, compiled from government and international organization primary data.

Table A1.2 : Budget Operations (Billion Riels)

	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003
Domestic Revenue	643	749	881	939	1,318	1,442	1,561	1,762	1,746
Current Revenue	635	710	869	905	1,304	1,412	1,552	1,746	1,743
Tax Revenue	446	534	597	679	956	1,059	1,129	1,249	1,218
Direct Taxes	21	27	46	59	79	136	140	126	150
Indirect Taxes	104	164	204	244	444	533	612	700	673
VAT	77	98	122	156	350	398	422	452	433
Excise duties	9	57	74	76	92	113	155	210	197
Others	17	9	8	12	3	22	36	37	43
Int'l Trade Taxes	321	344	347	376	433	391	376	424	395
Imports	299	331	336	373	415	373	364	408	375
Exports	17	8	10	3	17	16	10	14	18
Others	4	5	2	1	2	2	2	2	2
Non tax revenue	190	176	271	226	348	353	424	497	525
Fishery & Forestry	62	35	45	31	46	51	35	24	12
Civil Aviation	11	17	17	18	19	25	41	34	16
Royalties	17	5	33	4	2	12	3	3	5
PTT	54	64	83	87	109	92	122	121	114
Other non tax revenue	46	55	93	87	173	174	223	315	378
Capital Revenue	8	39	12	33	14	29	9	16	3
Expenditures	1,201	1,441	1,260	1,553	1,933	2,120	2,387	2,770	2,914
Capital Expenditures	511	629	452	623	820	897	996	1,191	1,244
Through Nat'l Treasury	57	62	110	116	220	303	283	288	334
Direct Foreign financed	454	567	342	507	600	594	713	903	910
Current Expenditures	690	813	808	930	1,113	1,223	1,391	1,579	1,670
Defense and Security	426	407	419	453	470	438	405	387	397
Salaries	230	223	252	295	330	301	274	282	287
Other	196	184	167	159	140	137	131	105	110
Civil Administration	264	406	389	476	643	785	986	1,192	1,273
Salaries	117	122	134	153	200	211	214	304	328
Other	147	285	255	323	443	574	772	888	945
Current deficit	-54	-103	61	-24	192	190	161	167	73
Overall deficit	-558	-692	-379	-614	-615	-678	-826	-1,008	-1,168
Financing	558	692	379	614	615	678	826	1,008	1,168
Foreign financing	559	680	446	508	611	707	763	1,074	1,009
Grants	338	504	354	327	447	384	396	451	412
Loans (net)	221	176	92	181	164	323	367	622	597
Domestic financed	-2	13	-67	106	4	-28	62	-65	159
Banks	6	-17	-75	125	-70	-115	-60	-104	4
Others	-7	30	8	-19	74	86	122	38	155

Source: Ministry of Economy and Finance.

Table A1.3 : Balance of Payments (Million US $)

	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003
Exports of Goods	855	644	736	800	1,129	1,401	1,571	1,750	2,132
Imports of Goods	1,187	1,072	1,064	1,166	1,591	1,939	2,094	2,314	2,653
Trade Balance	-332	-428	-328	-365	-462	-538	-523	-563	-521
Agriculture	429	263	250	172	153	97	104	42	134
Textiles & Garments	-42	-27	24	69	178	298	357	421	516
Oil & Gas	-108	-145	-166	-168	-234	-343	-353	-400	-475
Other Goods	-610	-519	-435	-438	-560	-590	-631	-626	-696
Balance of Services	-74	-52	-28	-43	2	101	177	220	158
Transportation	-52	-50	-42	-69	-89	-99	-100	-125	-134
Travel (Tourism)	45	67	55	83	184	271	343	415	353
Others	-67	-69	-41	-57	-93	-71	-66	-71	-60
Balance of Incomes	-57	-86	-43	-60	-99	-122	-136	-168	-188
Current Transfers (net)	277	381	188	293	370	425	396	447	448
Private Transfers	20	20	20	136	149	170	176	196	205
Government Transfers	257	361	168	157	221	255	220	252	243
Current Accounts	-186	-185	-210	-175	-188	-135	-86	-65	-103
Capital & Financial Accounts	274	387	256	325	253	224	209	255	295
Official Loans	71	56	38	49	44	87	94	156	149
Foreign Direct Investment	157	265	175	220	164	98	78	54	99
Others (net)	46	66	44	56	44	39	37	46	47
Change in Foreign Reserves	88	203	46	150	65	88	123	191	192

Source: IMF Balance of Payments Statistics from 1995 to 2002, EIC model projection for 2003

Table A1.4 : Monetary Survey (Billion Riels)

	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003
Net Foreign Assets	550	881	1,172	1,726	2,019	2,589	3,077	3,737	4,027
Foreign Assets	898	1,230	1,597	2,204	2,508	3,047	3,583	4,279	4,741
Foreign Liabilities	-347	-350	-425	-478	-489	-458	-506	-542	-714
Net Domestic Assets	99	31	-109	-496	-577	-758	-868	-849	-698
Domestic Credit	446	567	697	840	876	905	865	942	1,209
Net Claims on Government	148	128	54	179	103	3	-75	-119	-128
Claims on Government	217	214	212	289	283	272	271	310	360
Deposits of Government	-69	-86	-158	-110	-180	-269	-346	-429	-488
State Enterprises	5	5	6	6	10	3	7	2	0
Private Sector	293	435	637	655	763	899	933	1,059	1,337
Other Items (net)	-347	-536	-805	-1,336	-1,453	-1,663	-1,733	-1,791	-1,907
Total Liquidity	650	912	1,063	1,230	1,442	1,831	2,240	2,888	3,329
Narrow Money	279	329	385	543	532	540	640	813	937
Currency outside Banks	251	300	356	509	490	495	609	766	908
Demand Deposits	28	29	29	34	42	45	31	47	29
Quasi-Money	371	583	678	687	910	1,291	1,600	2,075	2,391
Times and Savings Deposits	5	8	13	20	31	46	54	74	82
Foreign Currency Deposits	366	575	665	667	879	1,245	1,546	2,001	2,310

Source: National Bank of Cambodia

Table A1.5 : Investment and Saving (million US $)

	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003
Total Investment	642	833	633	684	678	596	621	668	741
Public investment	208	238	151	164	215	233	254	304	313
Domestic financed	23	23	32	22	56	72	63	50	71
Foreign financed	185	215	119	142	158	160	191	254	242
Private investment	435	595	483	520	463	363	367	365	428
Domestic financed	278	330	308	300	299	265	290	311	329
Foreign financed	157	265	175	220	164	98	78	54	99
Total Domestic financed	301	353	340	322	355	338	352	361	400
Total Foreign financed	341	480	293	362	323	258	269	307	341
Agriculture Products	52	52	47	35	41	30	34	37	36
Equipment	214	348	201	234	193	142	209	219	258
Construction	376	433	385	416	445	423	379	413	447
Total Saving	642	833	633	684	678	596	621	668	741
National saving	548	409	397	321	407	316	310	277	349
Government	-22	-39	20	-6	50	49	41	42	18
Non Government	570	448	376	328	357	267	269	234	331
Foreign saving	95	425	237	363	271	280	311	392	392
Grants	346	299	200	215	251	246	245	252	243
Non Grants	-251	126	37	148	20	34	66	140	149

Source: EIC, compiled from government and international organization primary data.

Table A1.6 : GDP by Industry Origin at Current Prices (million US $)

	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003
Agriculture	1,545	1,416	1,350	1,179	1,212	1,120	1,166	1,219	1,293
Paddy	533	546	482	358	406	300	343	358	408
Other Crops	192	203	200	202	209	220	220	242	255
Livestock	173	187	195	189	195	203	201	208	226
Fishery	251	271	270	285	309	327	346	366	355
Rubber & Forestry	395	208	203	146	93	70	57	44	49
Industry	485	547	569	626	737	840	873	960	1,080
Garment	39	56	106	150	252	364	421	484	574
Food, Beverage & Tobacco	92	96	95	93	99	105	106	108	112
Other Manufacturing	146	156	153	150	134	128	121	122	125
Electricity, Gas & Water	15	17	19	20	24	28	31	35	41
Construction & Mining	193	222	197	212	227	216	194	211	229
Services	1,339	1,454	1,390	1,250	1,488	1,619	1,667	1,818	1,841
Transport & Communication	198	209	199	173	194	216	219	233	257
Trade	455	526	494	446	555	588	598	648	639
Hotel & Restaurants	172	207	194	176	224	273	306	339	319
Other Private Services	373	382	374	337	376	410	420	448	473
Public Administration	141	130	129	118	139	133	124	149	155
Total GDP	3,368	3,417	3,309	3,055	3,437	3,579	3,706	3,996	4,215

Source: EIC, compiled from government and international organization primary data.

Table A1.7 : GDP by Industry Origin at Constant 2000 Prices (million US $)

	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003
Agriculture	1,142	1,052	1,080	1,099	1,103	1,120	1,149	1,139	1,232
Paddy	251	261	258	277	304	300	314	286	363
Other Crops	166	171	178	192	204	220	238	258	277
Livestock	183	192	210	205	199	202	199	202	213
Fishery	272	280	288	298	313	327	343	353	340
Rubber & Forestry	269	147	146	127	83	70	56	39	38
Industry	463	525	560	638	750	840	933	1,031	1,130
Garment	52	69	119	160	261	364	471	539	611
Food, Beverage & Tobacco	88	93	94	98	101	105	108	111	114
Other Manufacturing	134	143	144	151	133	128	123	126	129
Electricity, Gas & Water	14	16	18	21	24	28	32	36	41
Construction & Mining	175	205	186	208	232	216	199	218	235
Services	1,254	1,352	1,314	1,303	1,493	1,619	1,700	1,821	1,841
Transport & Communication	174	185	182	182	198	216	228	242	257
Trade	440	493	470	468	554	588	609	638	634
Hotel & Restaurants	173	205	195	188	231	273	306	339	321
Other Private Services	329	340	347	351	379	410	431	458	481
Public Administration	138	130	119	114	132	133	126	145	148
Total GDP	2,859	2,929	2,954	3,039	3,346	3,579	3,782	3,990	4,203

Source: EIC, compiled from government and international organization primary data.

Table A1.8 : GDP by Expenditure Categories at Current Price (Million US $)

	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003
Private Consumption	2,497	2,680	2,645	2,497	2,745	2,931	3,030	3,311	3,434
Government Expenditure	280	308	269	245	291	317	355	403	420
Gross Domestic Formation	642	833	633	684	678	596	621	668	741
Gross Fixed Capital Formation	642	833	633	684	678	596	621	668	741
Public	208	238	151	164	215	233	254	304	313
Private	435	595	483	520	463	363	367	365	428
Exports of Goods & NFS	1,129	875	965	985	1,311	1,591	1,798	1,934	2,258
Goods FOB	1,020	735	835	862	1,135	1,367	1,544	1,647	2,006
Domestic exports	480	374	513	569	852	1,117	1,289	1,397	1,756
Re-exports	540	361	322	293	283	250	255	250	250
NFS	109	140	130	123	176	224	254	287	252
Imports of Goods & NFS	1,179	1,280	1,204	1,355	1,588	1,856	2,097	2,320	2,637
Goods FOB	1,112	1,191	1,126	1,273	1,489	1,743	1,974	2,186	2,507
Retained imports	572	830	804	980	1,206	1,493	1,719	1,936	2,257
Re-exports	540	361	322	293	283	250	255	250	250
NFS	68	89	78	82	99	113	123	134	131
Total GDP	3,368	3,417	3,309	3,055	3,437	3,579	3,706	3,996	4,215

Source: EIC, compiled from government and international organization primery data.

Table A1.9 : GDP by Expenditure Categories at Constant 2000 Prices (Million US $)

	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003
Private Consumption	2,077	2,259	2,357	2,489	2,670	2,931	3,133	3,375	3,478
Government Expenditure	275	308	249	237	277	317	358	390	403
Gross Domestic Formation	572	746	589	689	674	596	640	692	764
Gross Fixed Capital Formation	572	746	589	689	674	596	640	692	764
Public	189	220	142	161	219	233	260	314	320
Private	383	526	447	528	455	363	380	378	444
Exports of Goods & NFS	1,013	789	910	1,000	1,292	1,591	1,892	2,058	2,378
Goods FOB	914	660	786	875	1,118	1,367	1,621	1,746	2,109
Domestic exports	430	336	483	577	839	1,117	1,353	1,481	1,846
Re-exports	484	324	303	297	279	250	268	265	263
NFS	99	129	124	125	174	224	271	312	269
Imports of Goods & NFS	1,077	1,173	1,152	1,376	1,568	1,856	2,241	2,524	2,821
Goods FOB	1,015	1,091	1,078	1,292	1,470	1,743	2,109	2,379	2,681
Retained imports	522	760	770	995	1,191	1,493	1,837	2,107	2,413
Re-exports	493	331	308	297	279	250	273	272	267
NFS	62	82	75	83	98	113	131	145	140
Total GDP	2,859	2,929	2,954	3,039	3,346	3,579	3,782	3,990	4,203

Source: EIC, compiled from government and international organization primary data.

Table A1.10 : Employment by Sector (000's)

	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003
Agriculture	3,288	3,390	3,467	3,524	3,582	3,625	3,839	3,823	3,923
Paddy	2,253	2,346	2,416	2,469	2,528	2,559	2,730	2,708	2,781
Other Crops	410	413	417	419	426	436	470	468	481
Livestock	350	350	350	349	344	343	356	367	377
Fishery	215	220	225	230	235	240	245	248	251
Rubber & Forestry	60	60	60	57	49	47	38	33	33
Industry	306	340	349	402	440	473	501	527	549
Garment	48	58	80	117	155	200	230	244	257
Food, Beverage & Tobacco	75	77	77	78	79	80	81	83	84
Other Manufacturing	58	60	59	60	57	55	55	56	56
Electricity, Gas & Water	4	4	5	6	6	6	7	7	8
Construction & Mining	121	142	128	141	144	132	128	138	144
Services	903	887	899	939	944	984	993	998	1,020
Transport & Communication	47	49	49	49	51	55	61	63	65
Trade	300	294	300	318	315	324	344	347	360
Hotel & Restaurants	50	50	50	50	54	60	65	70	70
Other Private Services	155	156	156	156	160	162	170	175	179
Public Administration	351	338	344	366	364	383	354	344	347
Total	4,497	4,617	4,715	4,864	4,966	5,082	5,333	5,349	5,492

Source: EIC, compiled from government and international organization primary data.
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